Manuel Bandeira Carneiro de Sousa Filho - "San Juan Bautista of Modernism, as he called Mário de Andrade was born in Recife, Pernambuco, in 1880, he studied in his native city, and later in the Pedro II College of Rio de Janeiro, where he graduated in humanities. In 1904 he fell ill with tuberculosis, and spent several years in sanatoriums and rest sites, including Clavadel, Switzerland, where he met Paul Eluard. In 1917 he published his first book, A cinza das hours. The second, Carnival (1919), is a clear announcement of modernist poetry. Later appeared dissolute Rhythm (1924) and Libertinagem (1930), where maturity is longer absolute. As Bertolt Brecht, Bandeira incorporates all his poetic universe: the daily theme, the prosaic and irony, news and diary notations, developing their work in a distinctive style. Other books include: Estrela da Manha (1936), das cinqüent'anos Lira (1940), Belo belo (1948), Mafuá do Malungo (1948), Opus 10 (1952) and later da Estrela (1958). They were compiled in Estrela da Inteira life (collected poems) (1966). Bandeira was also educational officer, professor of American literature, anthologist, critic, novelist and excellent translator of Shakespeare, Schiller and Cocteau. He died in 1968.