Jean-Paul Charles Aymard Sartre (Paris, June 21, 1905 - ibid., April 15, 1980), commonly known as Jean-Paul Sartre was a philosopher, writer, novelist, playwright, political activist, biographer and literary critic French exponent of humanistic existentialism and Marxism. It was the French tenth writer selected like Nobel Prize for Literature in 1964, but he refused to explain in a letter2 to the Swedish Academy that it had by rule to decline all recognition or distinction and that the ties between man and culture should be developed directly, bypassing the institutions. He was also partner of the philosopher Simone de Beauvoir.