Is Professor of Philosophy of Law at the University of Bologna, Italy, since November 2000. He is also an honorary adviser to government institutions in matters of law and public safety. Pavarini has written numerous works and is a fundamental theoretical reference in the development of the new criminology. The author has focused his analysis on the visible increase of the penitentiary population during the 90's and on how this increase, which reaches one hundred percent in the undeveloped countries, is a direct consequence of the failures of the repressive system of the questioned society By critical criminology.