Ósip Maldestam was born in Warsaw in 1891 and educated in St. Petersburg. It was one of the main representatives of acmeísmo, poetic movement defending against mysticism and ambiguity of symbolism, precision and simplicity in poetry. Stone (1913) and Tristia (1922) are the poetry of Mandelstam. He is also author of several essays, translations and novels. After the Revolution he suffered Stalinist repression, and disappeared in 1938 after being deported to Siberia.