Enlightenment and Romanticism are two key references to Western modernity determined yet deeply today's conflicts, now worldwide. The great debate continues contemporary or trust and deepen the emancipatory Enlightenment rationalist project or nuance (not absolutely deny it) from the romantic conception that contribute to the complexity of human nature, of his powers, needs, limits and expectations. This book analyzes the Mayos Gonçal confrontation between Enlightenment and Romanticism in its most comprehensive and ambitious: the great philosophical and historical construction of complete development of political and cultural evolution of mankind. To do this, Mays focuses on the two deeper thinkers of these movements: Kant, the Enlightenment ends which undoubtedly mature, and Herder, the first and the great leader of the emerging Romanticism. Mayos Gonçal analysis exceeds the topic from which the figure of Kant immeasurable dark everything around him, including his former pupil and soon main antagonist: Herder. This initiates a profound change of worldview that their contribution has earned the nickname "romantic revolution". But as the author points out, the echoes and responsibilities of both Romanticism and the Enlightenment, also felt the barbarism of World Wars, colonialism or totalitarianism, in the crisis of values in nihilism or in a dehumanized "thinking". Author Gonçal Mayos Solsona (1957) is professor of philosophy at the University of Barcelona and collaborates with the National University of Distance Education and Open University of Catalunya. He has researched in Paris, Heidelberg and Hegel-Archiv in Bochum. He specializes in modern and contemporary philosophy, interested in analyzing the troubled evolution of rationality and human knowledge within the larger socio-cultural movements. Of philosophical interest, students of philosophy, readers interested in the humanities in general. Philosophers, philosophy students, readers interested in the humanities in general.