The complex political history of Syria-Palestine during the Old Bronze and Middle Bronze ages - between 3000 and 1600 BC. approximately - is yet to be written. The present study selects documents of great value to be able to reconstruct the general lines of this history, especially between 2500 and 1650 BC. It presents a selection of texts from archives that provide relevant information for the 3rd millennium (Ancient Bronze), essentially from Mari, Ebla and Tell Beydar. The political picture that can be drawn from this period is still extremely limited, limited to the local perspectives of these places over some 500 years. For the Middle Bronze Age, the great Paleo Babylonian archive of Mari represents a qualitative change in information. It provides sources of precision and dimensions still unparalleled in the Bronze Age, and allows to verify that the political reality of Syria-Palestine in the first centuries of the second millennium BC. it was extraordinarily rich and complex. Large territorial states coexisted in Syria and Mesopotamia with numerous small kingdoms, mainly concentrated to the north, in the arc that goes from Carkemish to the easternmost valleys of Idamaraz, in the mountainous basins of Habur and in the foothills of the Syro-Mesopotamian territory. . Later testimonies of the Syrian kingdom of Hana (middle Euphrates) and some documents of the small late Babylonian archive of Tell Atshana-Alalah, on the west coast of northern Syria, close the Middle Bronze Age coinciding with the end of the Amorite domination of Syria- Palestine.