Isidore Lucien Ducasse (Montevideo, Uruguay, April 4, 1846 – Paris, France, November 24, 1870), also known as Count of Lautréamont (in French, Comte de Lautréamont), was a French poet born in Montevideo and who lived 11 years there. Posthumously he gained status as a "cult poet" with his works Les Cantos de Maldoror, his Poesies (in French Poésies) and his untimely death that made him a myth in the history of modern French poetry that prefigured the rise of Surrealism. .

Unknown throughout his short life, he took the romantic cult of evil to unprecedented extremes and, although he is usually classified among the decadent poets, he is considered one of the forerunners of surrealism.