Although psychology is a science of the 19th century, the problems of the psyche date back to Antiquity, since from that time philosophy began to ask about the human. From here, ontology, epistemology and ethics were born, with their different proposals: some that tend to emphasize the sensitive part, others that lean towards the intellectual part. This work presents a brief journey that goes from pre-Socratic conceptions to Seneca's ethics, pointing out some of the contributions of each author, in relation to the meaning of the psyche, which is not always exclusive to the human being. In addition, it is intended to show the validity of these contents in current philosophical and psychological systems. Thus, for example, we observe how the demon that Socrates speaks of, is similar to consciousness. We also discover that the notion of pleasure in Epicurus does not only concern the senses. On the other hand, we note how the discourse that Seneca uses to characterize human cruelty describes contemporary social behavior. Let us therefore read this text and build ideas with those offered there. Let us look at psychology in its links with philosophy, and at both in historical development.