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Due to the intrinsic complexity of the brain, many aspects of its functioning remain unknown. But scientists have made great strides. Santiago Ramón y Cajal demonstrated that neurons communicate through specialized contact zones, which Sherrington called "synapses" (a term that defines the places where a nerve cell makes functional contact with another in order to communicate with it), and since then they have been elucidated the basic mechanisms that govern the transmission of information handled by the nervous system. Advances in the knowledge of learning and memory processes, the mechanisms of drug addiction or some diseases such as depression are largely based on the study of neuronal communication. This work describes the elements and ways that neurons use to transmit information, so that the reader understands the importance of the complex machinery of synaptic systems for the p...read more
