The origins and evolution of man are among the most important unknowns that we have asked ourselves throughout history. Today, science allows us to approach our origins in a new way thanks to the latest paleontological and genetic discoveries, either through knowledge of fossils and human evolution or through genetic links with our sister branch: the apes. The differentiation in the chronology of development constitutes the great evolutionary mechanics that will allow us to resolve this paradox and explain the great changes in form between apes and man. Changes that, finally, ended up being accentuated with the development of reflective thinking, which allowed man to equip himself with cultures and placing him in an exceptional place within the world of living beings. This book offers a synthetic, multidisciplinary study of the ever-changing world of human prehistory. Rigorous and innovative, the book traces a fascinating journey from our most ancient origins to the nearest Antiquity, both proposing new approaches and discussing a priori truths of dubious value.