This book undertakes the task of making explicit the still open question of the relationship between Marxism and Hegel. In this way begins one of the first writings of Alain Badiou, one of the most important contemporary philosophers, by addressing this issue far from all academicism and focusing on the translation of a chapter of Zhang Shiying, a book that, in 1972, faced the struggles philosophical questions tied to the evaluation of the Cultural Revolution in China. Likewise, Badiou emphasizes his militant philosophical concerns of the time, which achieve his current relevance more than four decades after this book was first published in France. Essential reading for anyone interested in political philosophy and its immediate action on the social events in which we live.