As Keats said, it is not possible to stop being moved by the vast culture of the Greek land, its incomparable works, all that legacy that continues to shape the Western imaginary of our society in the 21st century. After an opaque stage with hardly any reliable historical data, Athens began to shape its power between the 9th and 8th centuries BC. C., in (and from) Attica, opposing Sparta, Thebes and Chios, with whom she competed to control the fate of Hellas. To understand the scope of this formidable success, great experts explain to us the evolution of its initial system of government, a monarchy that evolved into an aristocratic regime, and its first step towards a more egalitarian society: Dracón's written legal code, in 621 to. C. This first legislation, accessible to the majority of the population of Athens, who already knew how to read and write, establishes for us and the democracy that we transit, without a doubt, a whole benchmark: the word made the law and thus the embryo emerged of the rule of law from a primitive legal state. Politics thus became the backbone of the daily agenda, and in this work we cover all that tortuous and fruitful path: its cultural and artistic development - also delving into the golden age of Pericles' government (of whom we display a true personal portrait)-; in everyday life in Athens; in its war and defense system; in her struggles, her great thinkers and her mythology. And all this without neglecting its system of servitude and slavery or the key role of women. As if it were a temple, we go through each room, to amaze the reader with this period and propose new questions through a truthful and emphatic approach.