The metaphor of Plato's cave is the quintessential image of the emancipation of the human race. In it truth and freedom, contemplation and action are inextricably linked, because the conversion to heaven of ideas implies the political demand that the philosopher descend again into the cave to free his fellow citizens. The philosophical attitude is thus the proposal of a dignifying alterity that denounces the injustice of the existing state of affairs with a view to its transformation. Faced with this, another metaphor, Max Weber's iron cage, stands as a paradigm of the impossibility of transcending any present horizon; against the utopian enchantment of the transforming force, the nihilistic disenchantment that culminates in the now hegemonic figure of enduring the world with cynical resignation. This book invites us to construct a utopian reason capable of defeating the ideology that enthrones the existing, that is, the global market transfigured in an iron cage. Drinking in the sources of German idealism, especially in Fichte, where he finds inspiration for a philosophy of action, and deepening this idea from the hand of Marx, Gramsci, Bloch or Gentile, Diego Fusaro raises an urgent alternative: idealism or barbarism . Before the apology of the prevailing fatalism, the program of a new philosophy of praxis - which attributes the ontological primacy to the subject that is objectified in historical temporality - exhorts to awaken from the dogmatic dream of contemporary apraxia and the postmodern nightmare of the end of the history.