For more than half a century, philosophy has been challenged by advances in science. Biology, cognitive science, genetics, evolutionary, cognitive, and social psychology, psychiatry, and neuroscience are some of the disciplines that have decisively influenced philosophy to reformulate how it has posed and responded to questions about self-awareness, knowledge, beauty, deliberation, education, freedom, moral agency and judgment, and so on. One of the main characteristics of the "neurocognitive turn" in philosophy is its commitment to the "neurobiologization" of these topics, a term used to express one of the main strategies of the current naturalization of ethics, which this work seeks to explore. Under the title "Neurobiology of Morality: Critical Perspectives from Philosophy," the PAPIT project "Redefining Practical Reason: Contributions and Limitations of the Neurobiologization of Morality" held an international symposium on September 4 and 5, 2019, at the Faculty of Philosophy and Letters of the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), based on the papers presented at its Research Seminar. The research project aimed to critically reflect, from a philosophical perspective, on the relevance and problems associated with the aforementioned "neurobiologization" of morality. Is it truly, as some maintain, a radical change that will bring about, in the medium term, a radical transformation not only of our understanding of ethics but also of human beings themselves?