The present book is the faithful transcription of a lecture given by Viktor Frankl in 1974 at the Lindenthal Institute in Cologne, where he presents an existential lesson about finding meaning in life. In Neurotization of humanity or rehumanization of psychotherapy ?, Frankl exposes the basic humanistic concepts of the psychotherapeutic method he created, logotherapy. For Frankl, it is essential to recognize and reflect on the collective feeling that humanity is experiencing: the lack of meaning in life and the fear that we have to talk about it. It is the pathology of our time. Frankl, while having lived the events and events of the concentration camps of Auschwitz and Dachau, proposes to take responsibility to oneself, to others and to life, without ever creating in it.