Until just over one hundred and fifty years ago, the northern territory of Mexico stretched thousands of kilometers beyond its current border with the United States. In that enormous region, known as Aridoamérica, many and varied indigenous groups flourished, before the conquerors arrived in this part of the American continent. Many villages disappeared, but others resisted the passage of time, poverty, violence and disease. What we know about their life and customs is the result of archaeological discoveries and the chronicles of the first Spanish religious and military who came into contact with them.