The extraordinary momentum experienced in linking the information contained in files with the defense of human rights is an important event for archival theory and practice, to the extent that reaffirms and replaces the traditional testimonial and evidentiary value of documents and housed in a fully democratic dimension. In this sense, the centrality of policy files in memory retrieval and the processes of transition from authoritarian regimes to democratic systems has been assumed by the media seeking news related to the files and documents every time with a wider reach and visibility. Also, the growing awareness of the professional group and adherence to the principles governing human rights is generating a production and a remarkable public outreach projects, activities and research. For this reason, it seemed advisable to carry out a compilation of all the intense and varied scholarly and journalistic production on archives and human rights professionals provide a synthesis that systematize current knowledge and tied together a number of guidelines and proposals of action arising out of international organizations and to proceed with the analysis of different models of study and reflection. Ultimately, this work not only aims to introduce the subject to professional archivists and other sectors to come, as historians, museum curators, librarians and archivists, but understands that the synergies that must necessarily result in a challenge of such centrality as human rights can lead to areas such as anthropologists, lawyers, journalists and human rights defenders perceive the usefulness of the files in this collective claim universal dignity and justice.