(Petrograd 1922-Tartu 1993) He was one of the most important theorists in the field of semiotics, the history of Russian literature and culture. From 1960 until his death he was professor of history of Russian literature at the University of Tartu (Estonia). Among his books, many translated into Castilian, include: The structure of the poetic text (1972), Text and Context. Semiotics of art and culture (1980), From Rousseau to Tolstoy (1984), The semiosphere (1985), The text and history: The "Eugene Onegin" Pushkin (1985) and in collaboration with BA Uspenski, Typology of culture (1975