Active buyers, debtors, and sellers in the fields of crafts and industry, the butchers of the 13th-16th centuries in the crowns of Aragon and Castile and southern France (Languedoc and Provence), who supplied and sometimes dominated the markets (for hides, leather, wool, iron, etc.), were commercial links between the city and the countryside, where they built their networks. They were also members of the urban and rural elites and actors in fiscal policy, particularly through the exploitation of indirect taxes levied on consumer goods. In the studies gathered here, both group portraits and biographies, the butchers serve as a lens through which to observe a phenomenon that extends beyond their primary activity: multitasking, a fundamental aspect of medieval enterprise. Likewise, special attention is paid to the links between cities, both large and small, and the countryside, with its towns and villages, through a different and complementary analysis to traditional historiography, which focuses on urban butchers. The study expands to include the networks that were woven and dominated between cities and the countryside. This research was hosted by the Casa de Velázquez and formed part of the scientific program entitled "Rural Enterprises in the Western Mediterranean, 13th-16th Centuries."