This work joins the long list of texts that discuss and reflect on the theory that Marx proposed about money in the 19th century. It is recognized that this topic – like almost all statements by this author – has generated diverse and conflicting positions on its validity and consistency. However, the texts that make up this book share a relatively new starting point: the discussion of works such as Capital, the Grundrisse and the Contribution through the methodology of systematic dialectics (New Dialectics) and the reinterpretations that such works have emerged from the new Marx-Engels-Gesamtausgabe (MEGA2). Based on this, it is argued that to understand the theory of money it is necessary to identify the different logical moments (not historical) that constitute the structure of presentation of the concept of capital, whose development follows the pattern: universality-particularity-singularity, which evidently refers us to the theory of judgment and syllogism found in Hegel's doctrine of the concept of the Science of logic. In this, it is essential to point out that, when postulating the capitalist system as a totality, money and capital are historically defined and articulated categories, and that such articulation requires a theoretical explanation. The idea behind it is that it is impossible to establish a theory of money that omits the categories of value and capital. On the other hand, the essays gathered here address discussions and open dialogues with other theoretical positions (Marxist and non-Marxist) on issues associated with the theory of money, among which the form of value, the commodity-money non-commodity money relationship, money world, the money-value-capital relationship and the institutional form of money.