Internet brings back the dream of universality, of a world in which humanity participates in the exchange of ideas. But it also raises the anguish of seeing the culture of the book disappear. What is the future of the book? What does your past teach us? Roger Chartier collects in this work the passionate debates about his future, and reminds us that not a few revolutions, experienced as threats at the time -among them the one of Gutenberg-, on the contrary created opportunities and openings. In addition, Chartier instructs us on why the history of the book is inseparable from the violent gestures that repress it, from the autos of faith to censorship; but also how the force of writing has made all these attempts fail. This is how the author's denial finally led to the recognition of their rights, rights that today the immateriality of the electronic text again calls into question. In this evocation of the role play between author, reader, editor and technical supports of the written text, Roger Chartier does not fall into conservative nostalgia, nor into naive utopia. Because reflecting on the eVolutions of the book is, in short, questioning about the fundamental tension that the contemporary world supports, torn between the affirmation of particularities and the desire for the universal.