Throughout its pages are discovered methods of analysis, states of affairs and historiographical polemics. In the initial part of the work theoretical reflections are raised related to knowledge, study and interpretation of the material culture of Jews in the context of contemporary society and the dissemination of knowledge. The second part has as a thread the dialogue between the written sources and the material vestiges. The third part includes analysis of medieval Jewish archaeological sites and the specific problems posed. The selection of the casuistry covers a good part of the peninsular geography, in order to give a complete and current image of the challenges posed by the interpretation of the material vestiges of the Hispano-Jewish past.