This research is an approach to understanding the functioning of democracy and public opinion through the cultural heritage of modernity, with its theories, its thinkers and its contexts.

Following Bolívar Echeverría, the authors start from the fact that it is contradictory to talk about democracy when it seems so unequal in each society and collides with the structures of the capitalist system and the interest of the elites, and a culture in which, despite the existence of laws and social norms, corruption, barbarism, and impunity prevail.

However, beyond the contradictions, democracy continues to be the ideal system of government between different opinions, positions, classes and interests, and within the chaos the function (rickety, negligent, but still optimal on an idealistic level) of the institutions.