Stefan Zweig wrote this play between the spring of 1915 and early 1917, in the midst of World War I. A staunch pacifist, he chose the figure of Jeremiah, the Jewish prophet who preached in vain, to embody the tragic role of the "defeatist," as the impassioned patriots who supported the war called those who, like Zweig, defended the importance of reaching an understanding between nations. In Jeremiah—one of his most personal works—the author captured the humanist ideals he championed throughout his life.